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[[File:Les_Bario.jpg|right|400px]]
==Clowns==

''By Dominique Denis''


Rare have been clown trios that have held the top of the bill of the most important European circuses for such a long time. Artists of great virtuosity, particularly loved by the public&mdash;they had their fan club!&mdash;the Barios were also true innovators in the realm of clown comedy. 

===The Dario-Bario Family===

[[File:Dario-Bario_Co.jpg|left|thumb|400px|Les Dario-Bario (Nello at right) (c.1940)]]Manrico Lionello (Nello, 1918-1999), the elder, was born August 28, 1918 in Alingsås, in Sweden. Alfredo Darius Bruno (Freddy, 1922-1988) was born in Brussels on December 18, 1922. Like all circus children, the two sons of Manrico Meschi, known as Bario (1888-1974), and Lily Eva, née Magrini (1902-1985), made their debut in the family act, the [[Les Dario-Bario|Dario-Bario]] clown trio, which included their uncle Dario (Dario Meschi, 1880-1962), their father, and a third partner that changed over the years: [[Félix Gontard]], [[Rhum]], [[Emile Coryn|Mimile]], or [[Pépète Pauwels]].

Over time, their sister, Tosca, and their cousin, [[Willy Dario]] (Dario’s son), joined the troupe to participate in the act’s traditional musical finale. At age fourteen, Nello began to develop a threadlike hobo character named Siméon, and embarked in earnest on his clown apprenticeship, while Freddy, dressed as a rollicking groom, continued to be a mere extra in the act. 

In 1938, the Dario-Barios were in England, at Blackpool’s [[Tower Circus]]. Nello took advantage of the occasion to learn tap-dancing, of which English audiences were particularly fond, luring along his siblings, Freddy and Tosca. Nello was twenty, and it was time for him to consider his future; he didn’t see himself playing forever third banana to his father’s act. With Freddy and Tosca, Nello decided to build a musical and tap-dancing comedy act intended for the variety stage, which they would name “The Bario Juniors.” 

Nello, Freddy, and Tosca put together their new act in 1939, during an engagement of the Dario-Bario troupe with the Cirque Franco-Belge in Roubaix, in France’s North region. Unfortunately, on September 1st of that year, World War II began and the German Army invaded France. After the signature of the armistice between France and Germany on June 22, 1940, France fell under German occupation. [[Circus Busch|Paula Busch]], whose German circus empire was Europe’s largest, was offered by the German authorities the running of Paris’s two circuses, [[Cirque Medrano (Paris)|Medrano]] and the [[Cirque d’Hiver]].

===The Bario Juniors===

Thus, at long last, the Dario-Barios went back to work at Cirque Medrano-Busch. There, on November 29, 1940, the Bario Juniors made their long-awaited debut as the Dario-Barios’ "second act." They were quite successful, and in 1942, they finally claimed independence from their family: They debuted alone at the Bobino Music-Hall, a famous Parisian variety theatre. From then on, they would pursue their own career in circuses and variety theatres. 

[[File:Les_Bario_with_Papa_Bario.jpeg|right|thumb|400px|Les Bario: Henny, Freddy, Bario, and Nello (1952)]]In 1947, Henny Sosman (1926-2011) replaced Tosca in the act. Freddy had met her in 1943 at Cirque Medrano, and had fallen in love. Henny had given him his first child, Beatrix (Betty), in 1945, before finally marrying him on March 6, 1948. Henny Jeanne Giovanna Sosman was born March 5, 1926 in Amsterdam, Holland. She was the daughter of the pianist Hendrika (Rita) Beukers and the clown Martin Sosman, better known as [[Tony Sosman|Tony]].

As good a musician as her mother, Henny, who could play Chopin on the concertina with a rare mastery, spoke fluently Flemish, French, Spanish and English. Additionally, she was a remarkable tap-dancer, and the main draw of the Four Sosmans’ musical act, which then appeared in Europe’s variety houses, circuses, and cabarets. 

Although they had signed for the beginning of the 1948 season with the [[The Bouglione Family|Cirque Bouglione]], Dario Meschi notified his brother, Bario, that he was retiring from performing. Yet Papa Bario (as Bario Meschi was affectionately called in the business) wanted to carry on; he therefore decided to form his own clown act, and approached his sons for this purpose. After some hesitation, Nello and Freddy accepted; the new clown quartet was made of Freddy as the clown, Papa Bario as the auguste, Nello as the second auguste, and Henny as the straight man (or more accurately, straight woman)&mdash;and later as a third auguste.  

After the inevitable period of trial and error, the new team began to receive contracts from the most prestigious circuses in Europe, among which Paris’s Cirque Medrano, Brussels’ [[Cirque Royal (Brussels)|Cirque Royal]], Budapest’s [[Fővárosi Nagycirkusz]], [[Circus Strassburger]] in The Netherlands, [[Cirkus Schumann]] in Denmark and Sweden, and [[Circus Knie]] in Switzerland. They resurrected the Dario-Barios’ classic repertoire, such as ''The Eggs'', ''The Water Buckets'', and ''Il Troviatore''.

When performing at Cirque Medrano in February of 1952, Freddy was seen as a fanciful clown, able to lead his partners efficiently. Alongside Papa Bario, who had an oversized comic power (and had originated the "pochard"&mdash;a colorful drunk&mdash;type, which inspired several generations of augustes), Nello’s gangly, scatterbrained character found naturally his place. As for Henny, who had created for herself a female character with round spectacles and long braids, she added a touch of originality that brought the quartet a special quality: The critic of the French daily L’Humanité, Tristan Rémy&mdash;who was also a great clown chronicler and historian&mdash;noted that Henny was "at once the most mischievous and the most artist of all young upcoming female clowns."

===The Trio Bario===
In 1958, during their engagement at Circus Knie, in Switzerland, Papa Bario fell seriously ill. The Juniors had no other choice than to take their own destiny in their hands. To respect their engagements they decided to form a trio with, in the part usually held by the clown, Henny leading the act in evening gown, Nello in his usual role, and Freddy taking his father’s place as the principal auguste.

[[File:Bario_Cleopatre.jpg|left|300px|thumb|Freddy, Nello, and Henny in ''Cleopatra'' (1976)]]This new formula, with a woman leading the game, didn’t conform to the well-established rules of the genre, and was a risky bet&mdash;especially since a period of adaptation was  needed indeed before Henny and Freddy could find their marks. Yet, thanks to their talent, hard work, and to Nello, who, notwithstanding his frail and fragile stage persona, was in actuality the rock on which the new trio was built, Freddy and Henny quickly found the right measure of their characters, and in spite of unavoidable criticisms, the trio progressed steadily.

In December of 1958, Henny, Nello and Freddy Bario were featured in ''Le Grand Cirque 59'', the circus show presented for the Holiday Season at Paris’s Palais des Sports, with their extravagant Citroën painted yellow with red dots and developed by Nello, which exploded, fell apart, and whose front end eventually separated from the back. The Barios then went to Medrano, and after that to the [[Cirque Napoléon Rancy]], where they revived Papa Bario’s old classics.

In less than two years, Henny’s and Freddy’s stage personalities had shaped brilliantly. Henny, with her beauty, her charm, her elegance, and her talent, took aback the most jaded audiences. Freddy, who had modernized and refined his appearance, emerged as a sharp-tongued, rollicking comedian. As for Nello, the perfect idiot, the third wheel of the tandem, he clearly blossomed. Their personalities, altogether different and complementary, resulted in a unique trio, exemplarily modern, which quickly brought back to the circus an audience that appreciated clown comedy at its best.

Not satisfied with easy success, the Barios began to work on new clown entrées that were to enrich considerably their repertoire. For ''Cavalcade 1960 sur Glace'' at Paris’s Cirque Medrano, they created original pieces, such as ''The Custom Officers'', which were little masterpieces of the genre. Afterwards, they were featured for several seasons at Paris’s Cirque d’Hiver, then at the [[Cirque Medrano (Paris)|Cirque de Montmartre]] (which had succeeded Cirque Medrano in 1963), where they treated their audiences with a string of new entrées, such as ''Davy Crockett'', ''Cleopatra'', ''The Restaurant'', ''Fantomâs'', ''Hitchhiking'', ''The Little Mozarts''…

Each of their sketches was built around a precise scenario, and peppered with effective visual gags and punch lines that hit. The musical pieces that traditionally concluded their act, or were presented independently (either with traditional instruments, or with eccentric instruments such as hammers, musical gloves, or bicycle horns), added an artistic dimension to their repertoire that delighted their audiences. The Barios were always eagerly awaited, appreciated, applauded, and mostly, loved.

===Television Stars===

Considered in the European circus business as the best clowns of their generation, the Barios became genuine circus stars quite naturally. They appeared, among other circuses, at [[Circo Price (Madrid)|Circo Price]] in Madrid; at the [[Hippodrome (Great Yarmouth)|Hippodrome]] of Great Yarmouth in England; and in France at the [[Cirque Jean Richard]], the [[Cirque de la Voix du Nord]] in Lille, [[The Gruss Dinasty|La Piste d’Or]], and for five seasons at the [[Cirque Spirou]] created by Jean Nohain, an extremely popular French television producer and personality.

[[File:Les_Bario_-_Recording.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Les Bario, television stars (1969)]]Starting in 1966, the Barios participated regularly in television shows produced by Jean Nohain, Guy Lux, Gilbert Richard, [[Jean Richard]], and many others, including (in 1960 and 1965) [[La Piste aux Étoiles]], one of the most popular variety shows on French television, which made them known in the most remote parts of the country, and transformed them into media stars. They also participated in several television broadcasts in Europe: The scope of their repertoire, whether mute, spoken, or musical, made them ideal candidates for recurring appearances on the television screen.

Following Papa Bario’s death in June of 1974, the Barios worked mostly on television, and during the summer, on tours of the French seaside resorts with the [[Cirque Spirou]] and other similar circuses. They made their final public appearance in the spring of 1988 at the Mondial Circus of the [[The Rech Family|Rech Family]], with which they had done their summer tour, and which was set up in Paris, at the Porte Maillot. Freddy, who had been recently diagnosed with lung cancer, was already very weak; he died a short time later, on July 10, 1988, at age sixty-six. The Trio Bario disappeared with him.

Although Nello himself had surgery for a cancerous tumor in 1986 (and had been cured), he survived his brother for ten years. He passed away on December 8, 1999, at age eighty-one. (Nello married Amélie Gineston (1918-1998) on February 15, 1945; they had two daughters, Nadine and Ivane.) After Freddy’s death, Henny continued to work with various partners, among whom her son, the musician and bandleader [[Tony Bario]] (1954-2007), her daughter Betty (Beatrix), and her nephew Willy Dario. She was also featured in the show ''Achille Tonic'', with the popular French comedians Dino & Shirley in 1999.

In 2002, as Henny was on her way to Lyon for a series of performances, she suffered from a brain hemorrhage; she recovered, but this accident put an end to her performing career. Henny Bario, the last surviving member of the legendary trio, finally passed away on a Christmas Eve, December 24, 2011, at the Hospital of Bobigny (the Paris suburb where she lived); she had suffered another brain hemorrhage. It was heartbreaking news for all those who, for thirty years, had loved and admired the Barios&mdash;and they were indeed countless! 

Freddy and Henny Bario are buried at the Pré Saint-Gervais Cemetery, and Nello at the Cemetery of Dammarie-les-Lys, both near Paris.

==Suggested Reading==

* Dominique Denis, ''Les Bario &mdash; du Cirque à la Télévision'' (Aulnay-sous-Bois, Arts des 2 Mondes, 2015) &mdash; ISBN 978-2-915189-26-1

==See Also==

* Video: [[Les_Bario_Video_(1960)|Les Bario, ''Davy Crockett'' entrée]], at Paris's Cirque Medrano (1960)
* Video: [[Les_Bario_Video_(1964)|Les Bario, ''The Restaurant'' entrée]], at Paris's Cirque d'Hiver (1964)
* Video: [[Les Bario Video (1965)|Les Bario, musical entrée]], in ITV's ''Hippodrome'' (1965)
* Video: [[Bario_Video_(1966)|Les Bario, ''Crazy Car'' entrée]], in French Television's ''Messieurs les Clowns'' (1966)
* Video: [[Bario_Video_(1975)|Les Bario, ''Birthday Cake'' entrée]], on French television's ''Système 2'' (1975)
* Video: [[Bario_Gonzales_Video_(1975)|Les Bario, ''Gonzalès'' entrée]], on French Television's ''Système 2'' (1975)
* Video: [[Les_Bario_Video_(1975)|Les Bario, ''Magic Bottles'' entrée]], on French television (1975)
* Video: [[Bario_Video_(1976)|Les Bario, ''The Water Bucket'' entrée]], on French television's ''Système 2'' (1976)
* Video: [[Les_Bario_Video_(c.1980)|Les Bario, ''Crazy Car'' entrée]], at the Royal Circus in Stockholm (1977)

==Image Gallery==

<Gallery>
File:Bario.jpg|Bario (c.1930)
File:Dario-Bario_Co.jpg|The Dario-Barios, with Nello at far right (c.1940)
File:Willy_Dario_and_Nello_Bario.jpg|Nello Bario (left) and Willy Dario (1943)
File:Les_Bario_Juniors.jpeg|Les Bario Juniors (c.1948)
File:Medrano_-_Bario.jpeg|Medrano Poster featuring Freddy, Nello and Papa Bario (1952)
File:Les_Bario_with_Papa_Bario.jpeg|Les Bario (with Papa Bario) at Cirque Medrano (1952)
File:Freddy,_Nello,_Papa_Bario.jpeg|Freddy, Nello & Papa Bario at Cirque Medrano (1952)
File:Les_Bario_at_Cirque_Medrano.jpg|Les Bario (with Papa Bario) at Cirque Medrano (1952)
File:Nello_Bario_(1960).jpg|Nello Bario (1960)
File:Les_Bario_Portrait.jpg|Henny, Nello & Freddy Bario (1960)
File:Bario_-_Cavalcade_sur_Glace.jpg|Les Bario at Cirque Medrano (1960)
File:Bario_Cleopatre_Montmartre.jpg|''Cléopâtre'' at the Cirque de Montmartre (1964)
File:Les_Bario_-_Fantomas.jpeg|Les Bario in ''Fantômas'' at the Cirque d'Hiver (c.1965)
File:Cirque_Spirou_flyer_-_Les_Bario.jpeg|Les Bario at the Cirque Spirou (1967)
File:Les_Bario_-_Recording.jpg|Disk Cover for a Barios' recording (1969)
File:Les_Bario.jpg|Nello, Henny & Freddy Bario (c.1970)
File:Bario-Jean_Richard_Poster.jpeg|Cirque Jean Richard Poster featuring Les Bario (1971)
File:Bario_Cleopatre.jpg|Freddy, Nello and Henny Bario in ''Cleopatra'' (1976)
File:Bario_Davy_Crockett.jpg|Nello, Freddy and Henny Bario in ''Davy Crockett'' (1976)
File:Nouveau_Cirque_Jean-Richard_-_Bario.jpeg|Poster for the Nouveau Cirque Jean Richard featuring Les Bario (1976)
File:Albert_Rancy_-_Bario.jpg|Cirque Albert Rancy Poster featuring Les Bario (1979)
File:Henny,_Nello,_%26_Freddy_Bario.jpeg|Freddy, Henny & Nello Bario (c.1980)
File:Bario_Television.jpeg|Les Bario on television (1981)
</Gallery>

[[Category:Artists and Acts|Bario, Les]][[Category:Clowns|Bario, Les]]
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